{
  "title": "Human hardware on the Moon: landing sites, impact sites, and targets",
  "description": "Every place a spacecraft or piece of hardware from Earth reached the lunar surface, with coordinates, plus announced future landing targets. Compiled from agency sources; each row links to a page listing its sources.",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "citation": "azmth.space Moon mission catalog",
  "docs": "https://azmth.space/moon/data",
  "catalog_verified": "2026-07-20",
  "newest_entry_verified": "2026-08-11",
  "methodology_version": 1,
  "counts": {
    "rows": 50,
    "arrived": 46,
    "future_targets": 4,
    "missions_in_catalog": 73
  },
  "notes": [
    "Coordinates are as published by the cited source, usually a NASA/LROC or NSSDCA solution. Precision varies by decades: an Apollo site is known to metres, an early Soviet impact to tens of kilometres.",
    "Where a position is approximate or predicted rather than measured, site_name says so. Read it before plotting.",
    "One catalog entry can cover several vehicles (a lander and its rover share a site).",
    "This is a curated landmark catalog, not a complete inventory of every object on the Moon. Deliberately impacted Apollo rocket stages and spent lunar orbiters are not all individually listed."
  ],
  "columns": [
    {
      "name": "slug",
      "description": "Stable identifier, also the URL path segment on azmth.space"
    },
    {
      "name": "name",
      "description": "Mission or object name"
    },
    {
      "name": "operator",
      "description": "Agency or company, as the catalog records it"
    },
    {
      "name": "nation",
      "description": "Country grouping: United States, Soviet Union, China, India, Japan, Israel, Russia, South Korea, Europe (ESA), or Multinational"
    },
    {
      "name": "type",
      "description": "flyby, impactor, orbiter, soft-lander, rover, sample-return, relay, crewed-flyby, crewed-orbiter, crewed-landing, program, or debris"
    },
    {
      "name": "outcome",
      "description": "success, partial, failure, operating, in-development, planned, cancelled, or debris. \"debris\" sits outside the success scale: a discarded rocket stage is not a mission that went well or badly"
    },
    {
      "name": "year",
      "description": "Identifying year: landing or impact year for arrivals, target year for future missions"
    },
    {
      "name": "latitude",
      "description": "Selenographic latitude in degrees, positive north, -90 to 90"
    },
    {
      "name": "longitude",
      "description": "Selenographic longitude in degrees, positive east, -180 to 180"
    },
    {
      "name": "site_name",
      "description": "Named location or a note on the coordinate, including whether it is approximate or predicted"
    },
    {
      "name": "arrived",
      "description": "true if hardware actually reached this point; false for announced future landing targets"
    },
    {
      "name": "coordinate_source",
      "description": "URL of the source the coordinate came from, where one is recorded"
    },
    {
      "name": "url",
      "description": "The mission page on azmth.space, with full sourcing"
    }
  ]
}