[
  {
    "slug": "pioneer-venus-multiprobe",
    "name": "Pioneer Venus Multiprobe",
    "entity": "NASA (Ames Research Center; spacecraft built by Hughes Aircraft Company)",
    "type": "atmospheric-probe",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": 4.4,
    "longitude_east_360": 304,
    "longitude_east_180": -56,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "impact",
    "site_name": "Pioneer Venus Large Probe (Sounder) impact site, day side near the equator (project reconstruction, error not stated)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://atmos.nmsu.edu/data_and_services/atmospheres_data/PIONEER_Venus/venus.html",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/pioneer-venus-multiprobe"
  },
  {
    "slug": "pioneer-venus-orbiter",
    "name": "Pioneer Venus Orbiter",
    "entity": "NASA Ames Research Center (spacecraft built by Hughes Aircraft Company); origins at NASA Goddard; proposed European half by ESRO",
    "type": "orbiter",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": -11.87,
    "longitude_east_360": 89.2,
    "longitude_east_180": 89.2,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "orbit-decay",
    "site_name": "Last measured periapsis, orbit 5055 (7 October 1992), one orbit before contact was lost; the entry point itself is unknown",
    "coordinate_source": "https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/data/pvo-ephem/data-vso-asc/ORB_5000/PVO_EPHEM_VSO_5055.TAB",
    "facts_checked": "2026-10-03",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/pioneer-venus-orbiter"
  },
  {
    "slug": "vega-1-2",
    "name": "Vega 1 and Vega 2",
    "entity": "NPO Lavochkin and the Space Research Institute (IKI) of the USSR Academy of Sciences, with instruments from nine other countries (Soviet Union)",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": 8.1,
    "longitude_east_360": 175.85,
    "longitude_east_180": 175.85,
    "uncertainty_km": 150,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "Vega 1 landing site, central Rusalka Planitia (within 150 km)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1700.pdf",
    "facts_checked": "2026-09-26",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/vega-1-2"
  },
  {
    "slug": "vega-balloons",
    "name": "The Vega balloons",
    "entity": "USSR (NPO Lavochkin, IKI) with France (CNES), tracked by a 20-antenna international radio network",
    "type": "balloon",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": 8.321,
    "longitude_east_360": 176.165,
    "longitude_east_180": 176.165,
    "uncertainty_km": 10,
    "point_kind": "balloon",
    "site_name": "Vega 1 balloon, first VLBI position fix (02:18 UT, 11 June 1985)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://atmos.nmsu.edu/PDS/data/vega_5001/data/vg1bl_rdr.dat",
    "facts_checked": "2026-09-26",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/vega-balloons"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-11-12",
    "name": "Venera 11 and Venera 12",
    "entity": "NPO Lavochkin and the USSR Academy of Sciences (Soviet Union), with the French SIGNE 2 gamma-ray burst detectors from CESR Toulouse under CNES",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "partial",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": -14,
    "longitude_east_360": 299,
    "longitude_east_180": -61,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "Venera 11 landing site (whole-degree position)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231110151739/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1978-084D",
    "facts_checked": "2026-10-08",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-11-12"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-13-14",
    "name": "Venera 13 and Venera 14",
    "entity": "NPO Lavochkin and the USSR Academy of Sciences (Soviet Union)",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": -7.55,
    "longitude_east_360": 303.69,
    "longitude_east_180": -56.31,
    "uncertainty_km": 150,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "Venera 13 landing site, western Navka Planitia east of Phoebe Regio (within 150 km)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1653.pdf",
    "facts_checked": "2026-09-26",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-13-14"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-4",
    "name": "Venera 4",
    "entity": "USSR: Lavochkin design bureau (chief designer Georgy Babakin), USSR Academy of Sciences",
    "type": "atmospheric-probe",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "into-the-atmosphere",
    "latitude": 19,
    "longitude_east_360": 38,
    "longitude_east_180": 38,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "descent",
    "site_name": "near 19 N, 38 E (NSSDCA's 'Eisila region'); Siddiqi gives 36 E",
    "coordinate_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250815064618/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-058E",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-4"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-5-6",
    "name": "Venera 5 and Venera 6",
    "entity": "USSR: Lavochkin Machine Building Plant (now NPO Lavochkin), chief designer G. N. Babakin",
    "type": "atmospheric-probe",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "into-the-atmosphere",
    "latitude": -3,
    "longitude_east_360": 18,
    "longitude_east_180": 18,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "descent",
    "site_name": "Venera 5 descent capsule, night side of Venus, published whole-degree position 3 S, 18 E (Venera 6 at 5 S, 23 E is the second pin); no method or frame stated in any source",
    "coordinate_source": "http://web.archive.org/web/20250531161856/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-001D",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-5-6"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-7",
    "name": "Venera 7",
    "entity": "Lavochkin (USSR), chief designer G. N. Babakin",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "partial",
    "era": "into-the-atmosphere",
    "latitude": -5,
    "longitude_east_360": 351,
    "longitude_east_180": -9,
    "uncertainty_km": null,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "5 S 351 E, within the nominal IAU extents of Unuk Dorsa and Kanykey Planitia",
    "coordinate_source": "http://web.archive.org/web/20250531161816/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1970-060D",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-7"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-8",
    "name": "Venera 8",
    "entity": "Lavochkin design bureau (USSR)",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "into-the-atmosphere",
    "latitude": -10.7,
    "longitude_east_360": 335.25,
    "longitude_east_180": -24.75,
    "uncertainty_km": 150,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "Eastern Vasilisa Regio (landing circle 150 km radius)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1590.pdf",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-8"
  },
  {
    "slug": "venera-9-10",
    "name": "Venera 9 and Venera 10",
    "entity": "NPO Lavochkin and the USSR Academy of Sciences (Soviet Union)",
    "type": "soft-lander",
    "outcome": "success",
    "era": "surface-years",
    "latitude": 31.01,
    "longitude_east_360": 291.64,
    "longitude_east_180": -68.36,
    "uncertainty_km": 150,
    "point_kind": "landing",
    "site_name": "Venera 9 landing site near Beta Regio (within 150 km)",
    "coordinate_source": "https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2001/pdf/1601.pdf",
    "facts_checked": "2026-11-05",
    "page": "https://azmth.space/venus/missions/venera-9-10"
  }
]